IPM case studies: Deciduous fruit trees

Fruit tree aphids are here defined as those pest species that affect crop plants belong ing to the Rosaceae subfamilies Pyroideae, mainly apple and pear trees, and Prunoideae,commonly known as stone-fruit trees. Comprehensive accounts of these aphids, including identification keys, and much updated literature records have recently been given by Blackman and Eastop (2000). Barbagallo et al. (1997) have provided some epidemiological notes and colour illustrations of the most damaging species.