The volume raises a preliminary question about the validity of a topos, which remains from the archaic to the Byzantine era, namely the rudeness and ignorance of the inhabitants of Cappadocia. Actually, this region of Anatolia “produced”, especially in Late Antiquity, dozens of intellectuals, both pagan and Christian, of great prestige, some lay people, other clergy. This fact helps to explain why the presence of Basil the Great, Gregory of Nazianzus and Gregory of Nyssa – the three bishops whose Cappadocia in the fourth century has always linked its reputation – does not represent a “surprise” or an isolated, almost “miraculous”, event, but how this presence is the result, almost “natural”, of a long training process which saw the emergence of “other” figures of writers, many of whom for us mere names, sometimes just a little more, fragments. Just to the recovery of the memory of these intellectuals – three in particular, Bemarchius of Caesarea, Eustochius and Eutychian – is dedicated the book which aims to return cultural relief and historical depth to figures otherwise destined to sink into oblivion. The volume is divided into three chapters devoted respectively to the sophist Bemarchius, historian of Constantine, to his relationship with the famous rhetorician Libanius and the Emperor Constantius II and to his teaching activity with an official chair at Constantinople (chapter I); to the sophist Eustochius, historian of Constant, to the relationships with Gregory of Nazianzus and the Emperor Julian during his studies in Athens and his teaching at Caesarea in Cappadocia (chapter II); and finally to the “grammarian” Eutychian, chronograph of Julian, to its close connection with this emperor and his retinue of generals and intellectuals during the expedition against the Sassanids (chapter III). The reflections presented in the closing remarks take account not only of the evidence gathered and discussed in the three chapters, but also of quantitative and qualitative data inferable from literary and epigraphic sources collected in the prosopographical Appendix devoted to Cappadocian – or operating in Cappadocia – intellectuals between the Early Imperial Period and the Late Antiquity.
Il presente volume pone preliminarmente in dubbio la validità di un topos, che dall’epoca arcaica permane fino all’età bizantina, ossia quello della rozzezza e incultura degli abitanti della Cappadocia. In realtà, questa regione dell’Anatolia “produsse”, soprattutto in epoca tardoantica, decine di intellettuali, pagani e cristiani, di grande prestigio, alcuni laici, altri ecclesiastici. Questo dato contribuisce a spiegare perché la presenza dei tre vescovi – Basilio di Cesarea, Gregorio di Nazianzo e Gregorio Nisseno – cui la Cappadocia del IV secolo lega da sempre la propria fama non rappresenti una “sorpresa” o un fatto isolato, quasi “miracoloso”, ma come essa sia il risultato, quasi “naturale”, di un lungo processo di formazione che vide l’emergere di “altre” figure di letterati, molti dei quali spesso per noi puri nomi, talora appena qualcosa di più, frammenti. Proprio al recupero della memoria di questi intellettuali, di tre in particolare – Bemarchio di Cesarea, Eustochio ed Eutichiano – è dedicata questa ricerca che mira a restituire rilievo culturale e spessore storico a personaggi altrimenti destinati a cadere nell’oblio sotto i colpi congiunti dell’inevitabile e spietata selezione prodotta dalla tradizione manoscritta e dell’effetto, obiettivamente oscurante, di figure per così dire “ingombranti” come quelle dei Padri Cappadoci. Il libro si articola in tre capitoli dedicati rispettivamente al sofista Bemarchio, storico di Costantino, ai suoi rapporti con il famoso retore Libanio e l’imperatore Costanzo II e alla sua attività d’insegnamento a Costantinopoli come titolare di una cattedra ufficiale (capitolo I), al sofista Eustochio, storico di Costante, alle relazioni intrattenute con il Nazianzeno e l’imperatore Giuliano nel suo soggiorno di studio ad Atene e durante la sua docenza a Cesarea di Cappadocia (capitolo II), e infine al “grammatico” Eutichiano, cronografo di Giuliano, al suo stretto legame con questo imperatore e con il suo séguito di generali e intellettuali nel corso della spedizione contro i Sasanidi (capitolo III).
Fra biografia e cronografia. Storici cappadoci nell'età dei Costantinidi
CASSIA, Margherita Guglielmina
2014-01-01
Abstract
The volume raises a preliminary question about the validity of a topos, which remains from the archaic to the Byzantine era, namely the rudeness and ignorance of the inhabitants of Cappadocia. Actually, this region of Anatolia “produced”, especially in Late Antiquity, dozens of intellectuals, both pagan and Christian, of great prestige, some lay people, other clergy. This fact helps to explain why the presence of Basil the Great, Gregory of Nazianzus and Gregory of Nyssa – the three bishops whose Cappadocia in the fourth century has always linked its reputation – does not represent a “surprise” or an isolated, almost “miraculous”, event, but how this presence is the result, almost “natural”, of a long training process which saw the emergence of “other” figures of writers, many of whom for us mere names, sometimes just a little more, fragments. Just to the recovery of the memory of these intellectuals – three in particular, Bemarchius of Caesarea, Eustochius and Eutychian – is dedicated the book which aims to return cultural relief and historical depth to figures otherwise destined to sink into oblivion. The volume is divided into three chapters devoted respectively to the sophist Bemarchius, historian of Constantine, to his relationship with the famous rhetorician Libanius and the Emperor Constantius II and to his teaching activity with an official chair at Constantinople (chapter I); to the sophist Eustochius, historian of Constant, to the relationships with Gregory of Nazianzus and the Emperor Julian during his studies in Athens and his teaching at Caesarea in Cappadocia (chapter II); and finally to the “grammarian” Eutychian, chronograph of Julian, to its close connection with this emperor and his retinue of generals and intellectuals during the expedition against the Sassanids (chapter III). The reflections presented in the closing remarks take account not only of the evidence gathered and discussed in the three chapters, but also of quantitative and qualitative data inferable from literary and epigraphic sources collected in the prosopographical Appendix devoted to Cappadocian – or operating in Cappadocia – intellectuals between the Early Imperial Period and the Late Antiquity.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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