The aim of the following contributions is to highlight some of the most relevant aspects of the philosophy of mind. First, the contribution of Matteo Negro presents the conceptual framework of the often contradictory debate inside the cognitive science. Andrea Lavazza’s paper focuses on the relationship between philosophy of mind and neuroscience, beyond the sterile labels in vogue. The contribution of Gabriele De Anna deepens then a matter of enormous importance not only for the philosophy of mind, namely the mind-body problem. Last but not least, Mario De Caro’s paper focuses on the theme of freedom, showing the philosophical insufficiency of the concepts of determinism and indeterminism.