Modern volcanology was born thanks to studies by naturalists and scientists from the modern era up to the present day. Borelli, Hamilton, Scrope, Mercalli, Rittmann, Williams, Tazieff, Walker are among the most important names appearing in the scientific literature. What emerges is that volcanology is a highly pluralistic discipline, and that volcanologists do not have a unified view of their history. These scientists called “founders” are scattered in time over a period of three or four centuries, each one applying a different approach to the subject. Chile is one of the most geologically active countries in the world. In Chile, about 90 volcanoes are considered active and more than 400 eruptions have been recorded since the 16th century. Until the 19th and 20th centuries, most of the information on volcanic phenomena came from the accounts of travellers and naturalists, including Charles R. Darwin and Ignacio Domeyko. At the beginning of the 20th century, the German geologist Juan Brüggen (1887-1953) made a notable contribution. Brüggen is renowned for having studied Chilean geology for forty years and for composing the first general treatise in Spanish, Fundamentos de la geologia de Chile. However, only a small section is specifically devoted to volcanism. A breakthrough came in 1959 with the arrival of the Italian physicist Lorenzo Casertano (1921- 2004), who taught the first courses in Volcanology at the Universidad de Chile (Santiago de Chile). His most important contributions concern volcanological studies in Italy, Chile and Costa Rica. Thanks to the presence of Casertano and other foreign scholars, the first Chilean volcanologists working in the area began to gain experience and broaden their knowledge in the following decades. Scientists such as Oscar González-Ferrán (1933-2014), Hugo Moreno and José Antonio Naranjo among others would go on leading volcanological studies towards an increasingly complex approach, in line with international standards, thanks to the monitoring and research performed by SERNAGEOMIN and the Universities.
L’evoluzione della vulcanologia cilena nel XX secolo
Luigi Ingaliso
2023-01-01
Abstract
Modern volcanology was born thanks to studies by naturalists and scientists from the modern era up to the present day. Borelli, Hamilton, Scrope, Mercalli, Rittmann, Williams, Tazieff, Walker are among the most important names appearing in the scientific literature. What emerges is that volcanology is a highly pluralistic discipline, and that volcanologists do not have a unified view of their history. These scientists called “founders” are scattered in time over a period of three or four centuries, each one applying a different approach to the subject. Chile is one of the most geologically active countries in the world. In Chile, about 90 volcanoes are considered active and more than 400 eruptions have been recorded since the 16th century. Until the 19th and 20th centuries, most of the information on volcanic phenomena came from the accounts of travellers and naturalists, including Charles R. Darwin and Ignacio Domeyko. At the beginning of the 20th century, the German geologist Juan Brüggen (1887-1953) made a notable contribution. Brüggen is renowned for having studied Chilean geology for forty years and for composing the first general treatise in Spanish, Fundamentos de la geologia de Chile. However, only a small section is specifically devoted to volcanism. A breakthrough came in 1959 with the arrival of the Italian physicist Lorenzo Casertano (1921- 2004), who taught the first courses in Volcanology at the Universidad de Chile (Santiago de Chile). His most important contributions concern volcanological studies in Italy, Chile and Costa Rica. Thanks to the presence of Casertano and other foreign scholars, the first Chilean volcanologists working in the area began to gain experience and broaden their knowledge in the following decades. Scientists such as Oscar González-Ferrán (1933-2014), Hugo Moreno and José Antonio Naranjo among others would go on leading volcanological studies towards an increasingly complex approach, in line with international standards, thanks to the monitoring and research performed by SERNAGEOMIN and the Universities.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
