The great project started by Achim von Arnim and Clemens Brentano of collecting and transcribing songs, fairy tales and folk legends, which ended with the publication of the song collection Des Knabens Wunderhorn (1805), was assisted and then fully taken over by the Grimm brothers for the part concerning the fairy tale tradition, which flowed into the collection entitled Kinder und Hausmärchen (1812). In the hands of the two German philologists, the operation of collecting fairy-tale texts from the oral tradition takes on the connotations of a true ideological project in which the models and modes of a society that is no longer archaic and peasant but bourgeois and urban are proposed. The adaptation operation consciously takes place in the course of the seven re-editions, personally edited by the two brothers, published between 1812 and 1857. The present contribution intends to examine the role attributed to the figures of the mother, stepmother and witch within the corpus of fairy tales by comparing the various editions in order to trace the signs of what we consider to be the progressive idealisation of the mother figure and the birth of her guilty and malignant stand-in, the stepmother. To the latter are attributed the connotations of the witch and, at the same time, the ‘faults’ linked to femininity, understood mainly in its erotic and sexual component. An attempt will also be made to study these figures by analysing the punishments inflicted on them in comparison with the practices previously in use for the torture and killing of those accused and blamed for witchcraft. Translated with DeepL.com (free version)
Il grande progetto iniziato da Achim von Arnim e Clemens Brentano di raccolta e trascrizione di canzoni, fiabe e legende popolari, conclusosi da parte loro con la pubblicazione della raccolta di canzoni Des Knabens Wunderhorn (1805) fu coadiuvato e poi assunto pienamente dai fratelli Grimm per la parte che riguarda la tradizione fiabesca, confluita nella raccolta intitolata Kinder und Hausmärchen (1812). L’operazione di raccolta dei testi fiabeschi della tradizione orale assume nelle mani dei due filologhi tedeschi i connotati di un vero e proprio progetto ideologico in cui vengono proposti modelli e modi di una società non più arcaica e contadina ma borghese e cittadina. L’operazione di adeguamento avviene consapevolmente nel corso delle sette riedizioni, curate personalmente dai due fratelli, pubblicate tra il 1812 e il 1857. Il presente contributo intende esaminare il ruolo attribuito alle figure della madre, della matrigna e della strega all’interno del corpus di fiabe confrontandone le varie edizioni per rintracciare i segni di quella che riteniamo segnare la progressiva idealizzazione della figura materna e la nascita di una sua controfigura colpevole e maligna, la matrigna. A quest’ultima sono attribuiti i connotati della strega e contemporaneamente le “colpe” legate alla femminilità, intesa prevalentemente nella sua componente erotica e sessuale. Si cercherà di studiare tali figure anche attraverso l’analisi delle punizioni loro inferte nel confronto con le pratiche precedentemente in uso per la tortura e l’uccisione di coloro che venivano accusate e incolpate di stregoneria.
Madri, matrigne e streghe nelle fiabe dei Fratelli Grimm
Gambino R. G.
2024-01-01
Abstract
The great project started by Achim von Arnim and Clemens Brentano of collecting and transcribing songs, fairy tales and folk legends, which ended with the publication of the song collection Des Knabens Wunderhorn (1805), was assisted and then fully taken over by the Grimm brothers for the part concerning the fairy tale tradition, which flowed into the collection entitled Kinder und Hausmärchen (1812). In the hands of the two German philologists, the operation of collecting fairy-tale texts from the oral tradition takes on the connotations of a true ideological project in which the models and modes of a society that is no longer archaic and peasant but bourgeois and urban are proposed. The adaptation operation consciously takes place in the course of the seven re-editions, personally edited by the two brothers, published between 1812 and 1857. The present contribution intends to examine the role attributed to the figures of the mother, stepmother and witch within the corpus of fairy tales by comparing the various editions in order to trace the signs of what we consider to be the progressive idealisation of the mother figure and the birth of her guilty and malignant stand-in, the stepmother. To the latter are attributed the connotations of the witch and, at the same time, the ‘faults’ linked to femininity, understood mainly in its erotic and sexual component. An attempt will also be made to study these figures by analysing the punishments inflicted on them in comparison with the practices previously in use for the torture and killing of those accused and blamed for witchcraft. Translated with DeepL.com (free version)File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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