The thesis analyzes the interplay between individual and geographical dimensions in shaping social inequalities in Italy, with a focus on the Reventino-Savuto, a marginal area in Southern Italy. Based on 52 semi-structured interviews with stayers (residents) and movers (migrants), the research investigates how personal resources, social networks, and territorial contexts influence geographical mobility choices, life trajectories, and occupational outcomes. The first focus of the thesis concerns the role of social ties, both local and translocal, particularly familial ones, in shaping decisions about mobility and immobility. The findings highlight the ambivalent role of these ties. For stayers, local ties are a crucial element in understanding the motivations behind immobility. Far from being a mere absence of mobility, immobility often represents a compromise between structural and procedural constraints and a deliberate choice. This situation can either perpetuate inequalities for those lacking alternatives or consolidate strategies of permanence, whether temporary or permanent. Translocal ties, on the other hand, extend beyond territorial boundaries through family, friendship, or professional networks. For movers, these ties act as resources providing emotional, financial, and logistical support to undertake a migratory journey. However, mobility can also be a forced choice, driven by territorial constraints that compel migration even in the absence of genuine desire. The second focus explores the occupational trajectories of stayers and movers from both an intragenerational and intergenerational perspective. The analysis reveals that stayers often find themselves trapped in low-income, poorly protected careers, reflecting a weak and stagnant local economy. Movers, on the other hand, face different challenges: while migration may offer new opportunities, it does not necessarily lead to upward social mobility. Instead, movers frequently experience horizontal mobility, with improvements in working conditions but no significant changes in status. A key aspect of the analysis is the role of social capital, which acts as a support network for stayers and as a driver of opportunities for movers. However, access to such resources is not evenly distributed: those who lack them risk seeing their inequalities exacerbated. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that decisions about mobility and immobility are never neutral; rather, they result from the complex interaction of various factors, where the structure of opportunities (or constraints) intersects with individual resources, significantly shaping life paths. The thesis contributes to the debate on territorial and social inequalities by highlighting the importance of social networks in shaping life trajectories and opportunities. Finally, it broadens the understanding of internal migrations in Italy, offering new insights into the dynamics of socioeconomic inequality reproduction in marginal areas.
La tesi di dottorato analizza l’interazione tra dimensioni individuali e geografiche nel determinare le disuguaglianze sociali in Italia, con un focus sul Reventino-Savuto, un’area marginale del Mezzogiorno. Basata su 52 interviste semi-strutturate a stayers (residenti) e movers (migranti), la ricerca indaga come risorse personali, reti sociali e contesti territoriali influenzino le scelte di mobilità geografica, le traiettorie di vita e gli esiti occupazionali. Il primo focus della tesi riguarda il ruolo dei legami sociali, locali e translocali, in particolare quelli familiari nelle scelte di mobilità e immobilità. I risultati mostrano il ruolo ambivalente di questi legami. Per gli stayers, i legami locali rappresentano un elemento cruciale per comprendere le motivazioni dietro l’immobilità. Quest’ultima, lungi dall’essere una mera assenza di mobilità, si configura spesso come il risultato di un compromesso tra vincoli strutturali e processuali e una scelta deliberata. Tale situazione può contribuire sia a perpetuare le disuguaglianze per chi non ha alternative, sia a consolidare strategie di permanenza, temporanee o definitive. I legami translocali, invece, estendendosi oltre i confini territoriali attraverso reti familiari, amicali o professionali, agiscono per i movers come risorse capaci di offrire supporto emotivo, economico e logistico per intraprendere un percorso migratorio, tuttavia, anche la mobilità può essere una scelta obbligata, dettata da vincoli territoriali che spingono a migrare anche in assenza di un reale desiderio. Il secondo focus approfondisce i percorsi occupazionali di stayers e movers in una prospettiva sia intragenerazionale che intergenerazionale. Dall’analisi emerge che gli stayers si trovano spesso intrappolati in carriere a basso reddito e scarsamente tutelate, riflesso di un tessuto economico locale debole e stagnante. I movers, d’altra parte, affrontano sfide diverse: la migrazione, pur offrendo nuove opportunità, non si traduce necessariamente in una mobilità sociale ascendente, anzi riflettono spesso percorsi di mobilità orizzontale, con miglioramenti nelle condizioni lavorative, ma senza significativi cambiamenti di status. Nell’analisi, dunque, un aspetto cruciale è il ruolo del capitale sociale, che agisce sia come rete di supporto per gli stayers, sia come motore di opportunità per i movers. Tuttavia, l’accesso a tali risorse non è uniforme: chi ne è privo rischia di vedere amplificate le proprie disuguaglianze. In definitiva, emerge come le decisioni di mobilità e immobilità non sono mai neutrali, ma derivano dall’interazione complessa di diversi fattori dove la struttura delle opportunità (o dei vincoli) interagiscono con le risorse individuali influenzando in modo significativo i percorsi di vita. La tesi contribuisce al dibattito sulle disuguaglianze territoriali e sociali, evidenziando l’importanza delle reti sociali nel modellare percorsi di vita e opportunità. Infine, amplia la comprensione delle migrazioni interne in Italia, offrendo nuove prospettive sulle dinamiche di riproduzione delle disuguaglianze socioeconomiche nelle aree marginali.
Tra locale e translocale: disuguaglianze, mobilità e legami di stayers e movers di un’area marginale del Mezzogiorno / Miceli, Alfredo. - (2025 Feb 26).
Tra locale e translocale: disuguaglianze, mobilità e legami di stayers e movers di un’area marginale del Mezzogiorno.
MICELI, ALFREDO
2025-02-26
Abstract
The thesis analyzes the interplay between individual and geographical dimensions in shaping social inequalities in Italy, with a focus on the Reventino-Savuto, a marginal area in Southern Italy. Based on 52 semi-structured interviews with stayers (residents) and movers (migrants), the research investigates how personal resources, social networks, and territorial contexts influence geographical mobility choices, life trajectories, and occupational outcomes. The first focus of the thesis concerns the role of social ties, both local and translocal, particularly familial ones, in shaping decisions about mobility and immobility. The findings highlight the ambivalent role of these ties. For stayers, local ties are a crucial element in understanding the motivations behind immobility. Far from being a mere absence of mobility, immobility often represents a compromise between structural and procedural constraints and a deliberate choice. This situation can either perpetuate inequalities for those lacking alternatives or consolidate strategies of permanence, whether temporary or permanent. Translocal ties, on the other hand, extend beyond territorial boundaries through family, friendship, or professional networks. For movers, these ties act as resources providing emotional, financial, and logistical support to undertake a migratory journey. However, mobility can also be a forced choice, driven by territorial constraints that compel migration even in the absence of genuine desire. The second focus explores the occupational trajectories of stayers and movers from both an intragenerational and intergenerational perspective. The analysis reveals that stayers often find themselves trapped in low-income, poorly protected careers, reflecting a weak and stagnant local economy. Movers, on the other hand, face different challenges: while migration may offer new opportunities, it does not necessarily lead to upward social mobility. Instead, movers frequently experience horizontal mobility, with improvements in working conditions but no significant changes in status. A key aspect of the analysis is the role of social capital, which acts as a support network for stayers and as a driver of opportunities for movers. However, access to such resources is not evenly distributed: those who lack them risk seeing their inequalities exacerbated. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that decisions about mobility and immobility are never neutral; rather, they result from the complex interaction of various factors, where the structure of opportunities (or constraints) intersects with individual resources, significantly shaping life paths. The thesis contributes to the debate on territorial and social inequalities by highlighting the importance of social networks in shaping life trajectories and opportunities. Finally, it broadens the understanding of internal migrations in Italy, offering new insights into the dynamics of socioeconomic inequality reproduction in marginal areas.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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