This research reports the results of experimental tests aimed at evaluating the susceptibility of prickly pears to impacts against hard surfaces, similar to those that happen during post-harvest processes in packing lines. A study of some packing lines, representative of the Sicilian situation, was carried out by means of an Instrumented Sphere IS100. The device, with a recording threshold of 10 g, recorded an average of 42 impacts/replicate, and showed that the feeding of the packing line emptying the containers and the fruit drops at the end of the conveyor belts that link two consecutive machines, are the main source of impacts. The laboratory impact tests show that neither crop conditions nor impact characteristics significantly influenced either percentage weight loss or fruit hardness after 8 weeks. On the contrary, these variables influenced the emergence of external damage. In fact, after 8 weeks of storage, the percentage of damaged fruit was greater among fruit harvested in the morning, when the relative humidity is high, rather than among those harvested in the afternoon. Furthermore, this percentage was much higher among knocked fruit rather than for the control, and reached values near 60% for fruit subjected to 20 cm drop heights or 10 impacts. The presence of medium and serious damage was so high as to compromise the marketability of the product.
Il presente lavoro riporta i risultati di prove sperimentali effettuate con lo scopo di valutare la sensibilità dei frutti di fico d’India alle sollecitazioni da urto contro superfici rigide, analoghe a quelle che si verificano durante le operazioni di post-raccolta nelle linee di confezionamento, riferendole ad alcune modalità della raccolta. Un esame di alcune linee, rappresentative della realtà siciliana, è stato effettuato tramite una sfera sensorizzata IS100, che, con una soglia di 10 g, ha registrato mediamente 42 urti/ripetizione e ha indicato come cause principali di urto le operazioni di alimentazione della linea per ribaltamento delle cassette e i salti alla fine dei nastri trasportatori che collegano due macchine consecutive. Le prove di urto in laboratorio, condotte con frutti raccolti la mattina e nel primo pomeriggio, hanno evidenziato che il calo percentuale di massa e la durezza dei frutti dopo 8 settimane non sono significativamente influenzati né dal momento della raccolta né, dalle condizioni d’urto. Queste variabili influenzano invece l’insorgenza di danni esteriori. Infatti la percentuale di frutti danneggiati dopo 8 settimane di conservazione è più elevata fra i frutti raccolti la mattina, in condizioni di elevata umidità, piuttosto che fra quelli raccolti il pomeriggio. Inoltre, essa è molto superiore fra i frutti urtati piuttosto che fra quelli conservati come testimone, e raggiunge valori prossimi al 60% nei frutti sottoposti a cadute da 20 cm o a 10 urti, con manifestazione di danni tali da pregiudicare la commerciabilità del prodotto.
Cause di danneggiamento meccanico dei frutti di fico d'India
CARUSO, LUCIANO;CERRUTO, Emanuele;MANETTO, Giuseppe Ezio;SCHILLACI, Giampaolo
2005-01-01
Abstract
This research reports the results of experimental tests aimed at evaluating the susceptibility of prickly pears to impacts against hard surfaces, similar to those that happen during post-harvest processes in packing lines. A study of some packing lines, representative of the Sicilian situation, was carried out by means of an Instrumented Sphere IS100. The device, with a recording threshold of 10 g, recorded an average of 42 impacts/replicate, and showed that the feeding of the packing line emptying the containers and the fruit drops at the end of the conveyor belts that link two consecutive machines, are the main source of impacts. The laboratory impact tests show that neither crop conditions nor impact characteristics significantly influenced either percentage weight loss or fruit hardness after 8 weeks. On the contrary, these variables influenced the emergence of external damage. In fact, after 8 weeks of storage, the percentage of damaged fruit was greater among fruit harvested in the morning, when the relative humidity is high, rather than among those harvested in the afternoon. Furthermore, this percentage was much higher among knocked fruit rather than for the control, and reached values near 60% for fruit subjected to 20 cm drop heights or 10 impacts. The presence of medium and serious damage was so high as to compromise the marketability of the product.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.