Five sEMG Active Electrodes by Means of a Composite CCII

This work offers a transistor level solution for the implementation of five-electrode superficial electromyography (sEMG) front-end, indicated as Normal Double Differential (NDD) configuration, adding a novelty to the currently published NDD topologies, which only describes the advantages of using second-generation current conveyors (CCII) in the biomedical system. Beside using the current-based approach as front-ends in standalone active electrodes for sEMG applications, which already gives relevant advantages in terms of circuit simplicity and CMRR requirements, the inherent characteristics of the CCII are exploited to implement a composite CCII structure (CCCII), which further enhances the system's CMRR.