Occurrence and distribution of cyst nematodes infecting cereals in Sicily, Italy

During 2008 and 2009, a survey on specific composition, frequency andgeographical distribution of cyst nematodes living on cereals was conducted inSicily, Italy. Heterodera latipons and Heterodera hordecalis appeared to be the most common species in durum wheat (Triticum durum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare)samples. Less widespread was Heterodera avenae, which occurred in a few fields ofdurum wheat. Laboratory investigations on soil samples and roots revealed thepresence of all developmental stages for each species detected, with a markedpreponderance of adult females and cysts. Symptoms and damage accompanyinginfestations by the above cyst nematode species were homogeneous in all fields andcrops investigated: infected plants were stunted, small and scrubby and possessedchlorotic leaves and small roots.