Gut Microbiota and Aging: Targets and Anti-aging Interventions

The gut microbiota is an indispensable component of health and well-being of the host. While majority of the microbes are harmless or beneficial to their host, dysbiosis causes various health problems including premature or accelerated aging. Dietary interventions and life-style changes may favorably affect the host microbial ecosystem which in turn decelerates aging through multiple pro-health benefits. The emerging therapies, such as fecal microbiota transplantation, use of probiotics and postbiotics are envisaged to invigorate healthy gut ecosystem, prevent oxidative stress, improve immune homeostasis, suppress metabolic diseases and inflammation, and thereby prevent aging-associated pathologies. This chapter reviews the neoteric advancements in association of gut microbiota in aging processes, and potential interventions as anti-aging medication to prevent or delay the age-related disorders.