Integrity Controls of Public Administrations from a Global Perspective: when the Controllers are also Controlled

There exist multifarious measures and activities to control the “integrity” of public administrations, established by global organisms, and applied not only to national systems, but also even to global regimes themselves. Hence, the application of integrity measures may be controlled at both national and global levels. From this standpoint, global regimes play a “dual role” – as controllers but also as controlled: they oversee the compliance of national systems with global integrity rules; conversely, they are subject to diversified integrity controls. It raises some questions: how can the application of integrity measures be controlled at the national and global levels? Which are differences between integrity controls applied to national systems and those pertained to global regimes? Are integrity controls applied to global regimes softer than those affected national systems? How can integrity controls contribute to the development of global administrative law – GAL?