Sustainable Tourism Indicators and Sustainable Development Goals of 2030 Agenda: A Mapping

The 2030 Agenda by United Nations (United Nations, 2015) aims at extinguishing poverty, fighting inequality, facing climate change, and promoting human rights, local culture, and employment opportunities. Accordingly, it fosters three dimensions of sustainable development: economic, social, and environmental. The core of the 2030 Agenda is the achievement of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be measured and monitored by means of specific, reliable, and valid indicators. Tourism sustainability is a component part of the 2030 Agenda (UNWTO & UNDP, 2017). In accordance with the SDG 12.b Develop and implement tools to monitor sustainable development impacts for sustainable tourism, which creates jobs, promotes local culture and products, in the present paper tourism sustainability indicators are organized in the frame of the 17 SDGs. A set of tourism sustainability indicators is identified in the literature and in specific datasets (e.g., Eurostat). Then, each indicator is related to one or more SDGs. The mapping is drawn along the social, economic, political, and environmental dimensions, according to specific sustainability issues (Rasoolimanesh et al., 2020). This could be a sound base to build composite indicators as measures of the different facets of tourism sustainability and actionable tools for the different stakeholders: decision-makers, tourists, host communities, entrepreneurs, etc. (UNWTO, 2015).