This work reports the results of research into the orchidaceous flora of theAlcantara River valley (CT, ME) and surrounding areas like the TaorminaMountains (ME). This territory furrowed by the River Alcantara and its manytributaries is mostly hilly-mountainous with altitudes ranging between 0-1347m a.s.l. It includes 20 local councils and contains some biotypes whichhave been identified as Sites of Community importance (SCI) by EuropeanCommission’s Habitat Directive (92/43/EEC) because of their naturalisticenvironmental significance. Other sites valued because of their significantorchidaceous biodiversity are more or less subject to human influx (treefelling, pastures, wild fires) and are ex-farmland.Data on the Orchidaceae of this zone and their distribution are relativelyscarce so the study was set in motion not only to confirm data in the literaturebut also to conduct a systematic field investigation which has been ongoing forover a decade. The research has produced a census of 54 taxa belonging to 15genera: Ophrys (19 taxa), Orchis (11 taxa), Serapias (6 taxa), Epipactis (5taxa), Dactylorhiza (3 taxa), Anacamptis, Barlia, Cephalanthera,Himantoglossum, Limodorum, Listera, Neotinea, Neottia, Platanthera,Spiranthes which all have only one species. In line with the OPTIMA project,a square kilometre map (1 × 1 km²) was produced which highlights the speciesrichness (SR) of single Operational Unit of Research (UOR) as well as theflora distribution and for each taxon the floristic diffusion (FD) in the studyarea. Furthermore, for each census item, flowering period, chorology type,habitat and altitude range have been indicated.From a chorological point of view, the Mediterranean taxa are prevalent (92%)and among them there is a high incidence of endemic species (Ophrys fuscasubsp. obaesa, O. fusca subsp. sabulosa, O. lunulata, O. oxyrrhynchos subsp.calliantha, O. oxyrrhynchos subsp. oxyrrhynchos, O. subfusca subsp.archimedea, Orchis commutata, Serapias francavillae) and sub-endemicspecies followed by the Mediterranean-Atlantics, the circum-Mediterraneansand the Euro-Mediterraneans. Only 7% have a Euro-Asiatic distribution.There is a significant number of rare flowers with a punctiform distribution orwhose persistence on the island is threatened by contracting preferentialhabitats; in particular Epipactis helleborinae subsp. schubertiorum,E. meridionalis, E. placentina, Listera ovata, Ophrys lacaitae, Orchis collina eSerapias nurrica. Is still remembered Serapias francavillae recently reportedfor Sicily.Furthermore, our census includes 22 nototaxa: 16 Ophrys, 4 Orchis,1 Serapias and one intergeneric, ×Orchiserapias fontanae (Orchis morio ×Serapias vomeracea), which is new to Sicily’s Orchidaceae. Moreover,various anomalous forms and chromatic variants have been observed amongwhich several achlorophyllous individuals plants of Epipactis microphyllalusus rosea and some hyperchromatics individuals of Orchis italica (O. italicavar. purpurea).On the basis of the “Regional Red List of Italian Plants” three of the censustaxa (Ophrys lunulata, O. oxyrrhynchos subsp. oxyrrhynchos, Ophrysspeculum) are listed as ‘lower risk’ (LR) and one (Listera ovata) as‘vulnerable’ (VU). Moreover, O. lunulata is a priority species listed in“Habitat” Directive 92/43/EEC app. II making it a floral emergency.
In questo contributo vengono esposti i risultati di una ricerca sulla flora orchidologica della valle dell’Alcantara (CT, ME) e di alcuni territori limitrofiquali i monti di Taormina (ME). Il territorio indagato, solcato dal fiumeAlcantara e dai suoi numerosi affluenti, presenta una orografiaprevalentemente collinare-montuosa, con altitudini comprese tra 0 e 1374 ms.l.m. Esso interessa ben 20 territori comunali e comprende alcuni biotopi cheper la loro valenza naturalistico-ambientale sono stati identificati come siti diimportanza comunitaria (S.I.C.), ai sensi della Direttiva Habitat 92/43/CEE.Altri siti di pregio, per il significativo grado di biodiversità orchidologica, sonogli ex coltivi e le aree sottoposte ad un influsso antropico più o meno rilevante(ceduazione, pascolo, incendio).Le conoscenze sulle Orchidaceae dell’area di studio erano piuttosto scarse e idati distributivi molto generici, per cui è stato avviato uno studio che, oltre atener conto dei dati presenti in letteratura, si è avvalso di sistematiche indaginiin campo che si sono protratte per oltre un decennio. Le ricerche hanno portatoal censimento di 54 taxa, appartenenti a 15 generi: Ophrys (19 taxa), Orchis(11 taxa), Serapias (6 taxa), Epipactis (5 taxa), Dactylorhiza (3 taxa),Anacamptis, Barlia, Cephalanthera, Himantoglossum, Limodorum, Listera,Neotinea, Neottia, Platanthera e Spiranthes, rappresentati da una sola specie.In accordo con il progetto OPTIMA, è stata realizzata la cartografia al quadratochilometrico (1 × 1 km²) che ha permesso di definire la ricchezza in specie(RS) per Unità Operativa di Rilevamento (UOR), nonchè la distribuzione e ladiffusione floristica (DF) di ciascun taxon nell’area di studio. Per ognuna delleentità censite, inoltre, è stato indicato il periodo di fioritura, il tipo corologico,l’habitat ed il range altitudinale.Dal punto di vista corologico prevalgono i taxa a gravitazione mediterranea s.l.(92%). Tra questi, hanno un’elevata incidenza le entità endemiche (Ophrysfusca subsp. obaesa, O. fusca subsp. sabulosa, O. lunulata, O. oxyrrhynchossubsp. calliantha, O. oxyrrhynchos subsp. oxyrrhynchos, O. subfusca subsp.archimedea, Orchis commutata, Serapias francavillae) e subendemiche,seguite dalle mediterraneo-atlantiche, dalle circum-mediterranee ed euromediterranee.Solo il 7% dei taxa è costituito da entità a gravitazione euroasiatica.Notevole l’incidenza degli elementi floristici rari, con distribuzionepuntiforme o la cui presenza o, ancor più, la cui persistenza nell’Isola èminacciata per la contrazione degli habitat preferenziali; si tratta, in particolare,di Epipactis helleborinae subsp. schubertiorum, E. meridionalis, E. placentina,Listera ovata, Ophrys lacaitae, Orchis collina e Serapias nurrica. Va ancoraricordata Serapias francavillae, entità di recente descrizione per la Sicilia.Sono stati censiti, inoltre, 22 nototaxa: 16 di Ophrys, 4 di Orchis, 1 di Serapiased uno intergenerico, ×Orchiserapias fontanae (Orchis morio × Serapiasvomeracea), nuovo per la flora orchidologica della Sicilia. Oltre a ciò, sonostate osservate diverse forme anomale e varianti cromatiche, tra cui diversiindividui aclorofillici di Epipactis microphylla lusus rosea ed alcuni individuiipercromatici di Orchis italica (O. italica var. purpurea).Sulla base di quanto riportato nelle “Liste Rosse Regionali delle Pianted’Italia” tre dei taxa censiti (Ophrys lunulata, O. oxyrrhynchos subsp.oxyrrhynchos, Ophrys speculum) sono riferiti alla categoria “a Minor Rischio”(LR) ed uno (Listera ovata) alla categoria “Vulnerabile” (VU). O. lunulata è,inoltre, specie prioritaria, elencata nell’allegato II della direttiva comunitaria n.43 del 1992 e ne costituisce, quindi, un’emergenza floristica.
La flora orchidologica della valle dell’Alcantara e dei Monti di Taormina (Sicilia nord-orientale)
CRISTAUDO, Antonia Egidia;GALESI, Rosario
2010-01-01
Abstract
This work reports the results of research into the orchidaceous flora of theAlcantara River valley (CT, ME) and surrounding areas like the TaorminaMountains (ME). This territory furrowed by the River Alcantara and its manytributaries is mostly hilly-mountainous with altitudes ranging between 0-1347m a.s.l. It includes 20 local councils and contains some biotypes whichhave been identified as Sites of Community importance (SCI) by EuropeanCommission’s Habitat Directive (92/43/EEC) because of their naturalisticenvironmental significance. Other sites valued because of their significantorchidaceous biodiversity are more or less subject to human influx (treefelling, pastures, wild fires) and are ex-farmland.Data on the Orchidaceae of this zone and their distribution are relativelyscarce so the study was set in motion not only to confirm data in the literaturebut also to conduct a systematic field investigation which has been ongoing forover a decade. The research has produced a census of 54 taxa belonging to 15genera: Ophrys (19 taxa), Orchis (11 taxa), Serapias (6 taxa), Epipactis (5taxa), Dactylorhiza (3 taxa), Anacamptis, Barlia, Cephalanthera,Himantoglossum, Limodorum, Listera, Neotinea, Neottia, Platanthera,Spiranthes which all have only one species. In line with the OPTIMA project,a square kilometre map (1 × 1 km²) was produced which highlights the speciesrichness (SR) of single Operational Unit of Research (UOR) as well as theflora distribution and for each taxon the floristic diffusion (FD) in the studyarea. Furthermore, for each census item, flowering period, chorology type,habitat and altitude range have been indicated.From a chorological point of view, the Mediterranean taxa are prevalent (92%)and among them there is a high incidence of endemic species (Ophrys fuscasubsp. obaesa, O. fusca subsp. sabulosa, O. lunulata, O. oxyrrhynchos subsp.calliantha, O. oxyrrhynchos subsp. oxyrrhynchos, O. subfusca subsp.archimedea, Orchis commutata, Serapias francavillae) and sub-endemicspecies followed by the Mediterranean-Atlantics, the circum-Mediterraneansand the Euro-Mediterraneans. Only 7% have a Euro-Asiatic distribution.There is a significant number of rare flowers with a punctiform distribution orwhose persistence on the island is threatened by contracting preferentialhabitats; in particular Epipactis helleborinae subsp. schubertiorum,E. meridionalis, E. placentina, Listera ovata, Ophrys lacaitae, Orchis collina eSerapias nurrica. Is still remembered Serapias francavillae recently reportedfor Sicily.Furthermore, our census includes 22 nototaxa: 16 Ophrys, 4 Orchis,1 Serapias and one intergeneric, ×Orchiserapias fontanae (Orchis morio ×Serapias vomeracea), which is new to Sicily’s Orchidaceae. Moreover,various anomalous forms and chromatic variants have been observed amongwhich several achlorophyllous individuals plants of Epipactis microphyllalusus rosea and some hyperchromatics individuals of Orchis italica (O. italicavar. purpurea).On the basis of the “Regional Red List of Italian Plants” three of the censustaxa (Ophrys lunulata, O. oxyrrhynchos subsp. oxyrrhynchos, Ophrysspeculum) are listed as ‘lower risk’ (LR) and one (Listera ovata) as‘vulnerable’ (VU). Moreover, O. lunulata is a priority species listed in“Habitat” Directive 92/43/EEC app. II making it a floral emergency.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
Cristaudo Galesi_Orch Alcantara_JEO_42_231-326(2010).pdf
solo gestori archivio
Tipologia:
Versione Editoriale (PDF)
Licenza:
NON PUBBLICO - Accesso privato/ristretto
Dimensione
2.66 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
2.66 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.