Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Chronic Total Occlusions in Patients With Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Objectives: The study sought to assess the outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (⠤35%). Background Data regarding the outcome of PCI in patients with low LVEF affected by CTO are scarcely reported. Methods The authors performed a prospective longitudinal multicenter study including consecutive patients undergoing elective PCI of CTOs. Patients were subdivided into 3 groups: group 1 (LVEF ⠥50%), group 2 (LVEF 35% to 50%), and group 3 (LVEF ⠤35%). Results A total of 839 patients (mean 64.6 ± 10.5 years of age, 87.7% men) underwent CTO PCI attempts. Baseline LVEF ⠤35% was present in 72 (8.6%) patients. The angiographic success was high (overall 93.6%) and similar among the 3 groups (93.5% vs. 94.4% vs. 91.7%, respectively; all p = NS). In group 3, no periprocedural complications of CTO PCI were observed. Mean clinical follow-up of 16.3 ± 8.2 months duration was available in 781 (93.1%) patients including those with LVEF ⠤35%. At 2 years, major cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) free survival was similar in the 3 groups (86% vs. 82.8% vs. 75.2%; all p = NS). In patients with LVEF ⠤35%, LVEF improved significantly in the presence of a successful CTO PCI from 29.1 ± 3.4% to 41.6 ± 7.9% (p < 0.001). Conclusions In CTO patients with low LVEF, PCI could represent a safe and effective revascularization strategy achieving good midterm outcome and LVEF improvement.