Immunotherapy with oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 therapy offers an innovative, targeted, less-toxic approach for treating brain tumors. However, a major obstacle in maximizing oncolytic virotherapy is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms that unfold in CNS tumors/associated microenvironments after infusion of virus. We demonstrate that our multiplex biomarker screening platform comprehensively informs changes in both topographical location and functional states of resident/infiltrating immune cells that play a role in neuropathology after treatment with HSV G207 in a pediatric Phase 1 patient. Using this approach, we identified robust infiltration of CD8+ T cells suggesting activation of the immune response following virotherapy; however there was a corresponding upregulation of checkpoint proteins PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, and IDO revealing a potential role for checkpoint inhibitors. Such work may ultimately lead to an understanding of the governing pathobiology of tumors, thereby fostering development of novel therapeutics tailored to produce optimal responses.
A novel in situ multiplex immunofluorescence panel for the assessment of tumor immunopathology and response to virotherapy in pediatric glioblastoma reveals a role for checkpoint protein inhibition
Nunzio Vicario;
2019-01-01
Abstract
Immunotherapy with oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 therapy offers an innovative, targeted, less-toxic approach for treating brain tumors. However, a major obstacle in maximizing oncolytic virotherapy is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms that unfold in CNS tumors/associated microenvironments after infusion of virus. We demonstrate that our multiplex biomarker screening platform comprehensively informs changes in both topographical location and functional states of resident/infiltrating immune cells that play a role in neuropathology after treatment with HSV G207 in a pediatric Phase 1 patient. Using this approach, we identified robust infiltration of CD8+ T cells suggesting activation of the immune response following virotherapy; however there was a corresponding upregulation of checkpoint proteins PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, and IDO revealing a potential role for checkpoint inhibitors. Such work may ultimately lead to an understanding of the governing pathobiology of tumors, thereby fostering development of novel therapeutics tailored to produce optimal responses.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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