Differenza tra teoria e pratica nel nursing preoperatorio. Il digiuno e la preparazione della cute del paziente

Introduction. Literature gives some guideline supported by scientific evidence to prepare patient to the surgical intervention. Nevertheless there are some differences between clinical practices and literature recommendations. The aim of this study is to analyze the differences between clinical practice and literature guidelinee in the preoperative fasting and skin preparation. Methods. The study design is observational-descriptive. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Results. The sample is composed by all the surgical nurses of the University Hospital Udine 69,3% (133/192) of the nurses are involved. 89,5% (119/133) of the nurses don't observe the literature guidelinee about perioperative fasting; the surgical nurses use standard approach "nil by mouth from midnight" with patient. All nurses follow the literature recommendations about preoperative hair remover. 70,4% (88/125) of the nurses recommend to their patients the perioperative bathing/showering as an effective intervention to reduce the risk of surgical site infection. Discussion. A discreet knowledge of the scientific literature about preoperative fasting and skin preparation has emerged among surgical nurses. The theory tries to explain and describe the clinical phenomenons nevertheless the clinical practice is complex and all guideline must be adapted to the organizational environment.