Recovery of dialysis patients with COVID-19: health outcomes 3 months after diagnosis in ERACODA

Hemmelder, M. H.; Noordzij, M.; Vart, P.; Hilbrands, L. B.; Jager, K. J.; Abrahams, A. C.; Arroyo, D.; Battaglia, Y.; Ekart, R.; Mallamaci, F.; Malloney, S. -R.; Oliveira, J.; Rydzewski, A.; Sridharan, S.; Vogt, L.; Duivenvoorden, R.; Gansevoort, R. T.; Franssen, C. F. M.; van der Net, J. B.; Essig, M.; du Buf-Vereijken, P. W. G.; van Ginneken, B.; Maas, N.; van Jaarsveld, B. C.; Bemelman, F. J.; Klingenberg-Salahova, F.; Heenan-Vos, F.; Vervloet, M. G.; Nurmohamed, A.; Abramowicz, D.; Verhofstede, S.; Maoujoud, O.; Malfait, T.; Fialova, J.; Melilli, E.; Fava, A.; Cruzado, J. M.; Perez, N. M.; Lips, J.; Krepel, H.; Adilovic, H.; Hengst, M.; Konings, C. J. A. M.; Braconnier, P.; Weis, D.; Gellert, R.; Alferes, D. G.; Radulescu, D.; Zakharova, E. V.; Ambuehl, P. M.; Guidotti, R.; Walker, A.; Lepeytre, F.; Rabate, C.; Rostoker, G.; Marques, S.; Azasevac, T.; Majstorovic, G. S.; Katicic, D.; Dam, M. T.; Kruger, T.; Brzosko, S.; Liakopoulos, V.; Zanen, A. L.; Logtenberg, S. J. J.; Fricke, L.; Kuryata, O.; Slebe, J. J. P.; Abd ElHafeez, S.; Kemlin, D.; van de Wetering, J.; Reinders, M. E. J.; Hesselink, D. A.; van Gestel, J. K.; Eiselt, J.; Kielberger, L.; El-Wakil, H. S.; Verhoeven, M. A. M.; Logan, I.; Canal, C.; Facundo, C.; Ramos, A. M.; Debska-Slizien, A.; Veldhuizen, N. M. H.; Tigka, E.; Polyzou Konsta, M. A.; Panagoutsos, S.; Postorino, A.; Cambareri, F.; Matceac, I.; Nistor, I.; Covic, A.; Groeneveld, J. H. M.; Jousma, J.; Diekmann, F.; Oppenheimer, F.; Blasco, M.; Pereira, T. A.; dos Santos Junior, A. C. S.; Arias-Cabrales, C.; Crespo, M.; Llinas-Mallol, L.; Buxeda, A.; Tarrega, C. B.; Redondo-Pachon, D.; Arenas Jimenez, M. D.; Mendoza-Valderrey, A.; Martins, A. C.; Mateus, C.; Alvila, G.; Laranjinha, I.; Hofstra, J. M.; Siezenga, M. A.; Franco, A.; Castellano, S.; Rodriguez-Ferrero, M. L.; Manzanos, S. B.; Haridian Sosa Barrios, R.; Lemahieu, W.; Bartelet, K.; Dirim, A. B.; Demir, E.; Sever, M. S.; Turkmen, A.; Safak, S.; Hollander, D. A. M. J.; Kerckhoffs, A.; Buttner, S.; de Vries, A. P. J.; Meziyerh, S.; van der Helm, D.; Mallat, M.; Bouwsma, H.; Petruliene, K.; Verberk, I.; van der Sande, F. M.; Christiaans, M. H. L.; Mohankumar, N.; Luca, M. D.; Tuglular, S. Z.; Kramer, A.; Beerenhout, C.; Luik, P. T.; Kerschbaum, J.; Tiefenthaler, M.; Watschinger, B.; Adema, A. Y.; Stepanov, V. A.; Zulkarnaev, A. B.; Turkmen, K.; Gandolfini, I.; Maggiore, U.; Fliedner, A.; Asberg, A.; Mjoen, G.; Miyasato, H.; de Fijter, C. W. H.; Mongera, N.; Pini, S.; de Biase, C.; van de Logt, A. E.; Maas, R.; Lebedeva, O.; Lopez, V.; Reichert, L. J. M.; Verhave, J.; Titov, D.; Parshina, E. V.; Zanoli, L.; Marcantoni, C.; van Kempen, G.; van Gils-Verrij, L. E. A.; Harty, J. C.; Meurs, M.; Myslak, M.; Lentini, P.; den Deurwaarder, E.; Stendahl, M.; Rahimzadeh, H.; Schouten, M.; Rychlik, I.; Cabezas-Reina, C. J.; Roca, A. M.; Nauta, F.; Sahin, I.; Goffin, E.; Kanaan, N.; Labriola, L.; Devresse, A.; Diaz-Mareque, A.; Coca, A.; de Arriba, G.; Meijers, B. K. I.; Naesens, M.; Kuypers, D.; Desschans, B.; Tonnerlier, A.; Wissing, K. M.; Dedinska, I.; Pessolano, G.; Malik, S.; Dounousi, E.; Papachristou, E.; Berger, S. P.; Meijer, E.; Sanders, J. S. F.; Ozyilmaz, A.; Ponikvar, J. B.; Pernat, A. M.; Kovac, D.; Arnol, M.; Molenaar, F. M.; van Zuilen, A. D.; Meijvis, S. C. A.; Dolmans, H.; Tantisattamo, E.; Esposito, P.; Krzesinski, J. -M.; Barahira, J. D.; Gallieni, M.; Martin-Moreno, P. L.; Guglielmetti, G.; Guzzo, G.; Toapanta, N.; Soler, M. J.; Luik, A. J.; van Kuijk, W. H. M.; Stikkelbroeck, L. W. H.; Hermans, M. M. H.; Rimsevicius, L.; Righetti, M.; Islam, M.; Heitink-Ter Braak, N.

doi:10.1093/ndt/gfac008

Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related short-term mortality is high in dialysis patients, but longer-term outcomes are largely unknown. We therefore assessed patient recovery in a large cohort of dialysis patients 3 months after their COVID-19 diagnosis. Methods. We analyzed data on dialysis patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from 1 February 2020 to 31 March 2021 from the European Renal Association COVID-19 Database (ERACODA). The outcomes studied were patient survival, residence and functional and mental health status (estimated by their treating physician) 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Complete follow-up data were available for 854 surviving patients. Patient characteristics associated with recovery were analyzed using logistic regression. Results. In 2449 hemodialysis patients (mean ± SD age 67.5 ± 14.4 years, 62% male), survival probabilities at 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis were 90% for nonhospitalized patients (n = 1087), 73% for patients admitted to the hospital but not to an intensive care unit (ICU) (n = 1165) and 40% for those admitted to an ICU (n = 197). Patient survival hardly decreased between 28 days and 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. At 3 months, 87% functioned at their pre-existent functional and 94% at their pre-existent mental level. Only few of the surviving patients were still admitted to the hospital (0.8–6.3%) or a nursing home (∼5%). A higher age and frailty score at presentation and ICU admission were associated with worse functional outcome. Conclusions. Mortality between 28 days and 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis was low and the majority of patients who survived COVID-19 recovered to their pre-existent functional and mental health level at 3 months after diagnosis.