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GOVERNAMENTAL RESPONSES TO CONFRONT THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK AND THEIR IMPACT ON TOURISM FLOWS: SOME EVIDENCE FROM EUROPE

Maria Daniela Giammanco
Membro del Collaboration Group
;
2022-01-01
2022
The present work aims at offering evidence on the impact of anti-COVID government actions on the volume of tourism. Using monthly Eurostat data on 27 European countries, it investigates the relation between the adoption of governmental measures, and tourism flows. The stringency index and the economic support index, measured through the indexes developed by the Oxford University team led by the Blavatnik School of Government, are the governmental measures against the pandemic used as explanatory variables of the tourism flows. The latter have been measured by some proxies: the nights spent at tourist accommodation establishments divided the country population; the arrivals at touristic accommodation establishment divided the country population; the net occupancy rate of bed-places and bedrooms in hotels and similar accommodation; Short stay accommodation via collaborative economy). An econometric analysis has been performed through the estimation of panel data models, controlling, given the heterogeneity of the sample, for heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation within panels. The present research employs an original dataset, whose information on tourism flows and macroeconomic control variables has been retrieved within the database Eurostat that, considering monthly data, from March 2020 to June 2022, summarises the course of the pandemic. This circumstance allows to outline the different responses from the countries in the sample and can be monitored in the next future. Why is this research question worthwhile answering? If it is true that the COVID-19 pandemic has lost its character of novelty, because of the virus various mutations, the pandemic declaration is still effective (https://www.who.int/philippines/news/detail/11- 03-2022-opinion-is-the-pandemic-ending-soon, last access 21st of July 2022), and therefore the question concerning the type and the intensity of the governmental actions is yet an open issue and may impact on tourism flows in the future.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11769/594054
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