Especially in the last thirty years both the ἰατρίναι/medicae and the μαῖαι/obstetrices have received particular attention from scholars both for a more precise framing of these female “professions” within activities that are not exclusively manual but also intellectual, and in order to reconstruct the legal status, the possibilities of social affirmation and the opportunities of economic income of these two specific professional profiles. The subject of analysis here is a figure in its own right, that of the iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια, a term attested by very rare epigraphic mentions in Latin and Greek, absent from the databases of papyrus texts and a veritable hapax in literary testimonies. After reviewing the inscriptions that certify the existence of this word and the hypotheses formulated by moderns regarding its possible meaning, the paper attempts to trace the professional profile of this specialist, identifying, through a comparison with the sources, similarities and differences with the other types of therapists and making an interpretative proposal in conclusion regarding the specific knowledge and skills of the iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια.
Soprattutto nell’ultimo trentennio tanto le ἰατρίναι/medicae quanto le μαῖαι/obstetrices hanno ricevuto da parte degli studiosi particolare attenzione, sia ai fini di un più preciso inquadramento di questi “mestieri” femminili all’interno di attività non esclusivamente manuali ma anche intellettuali, sia allo scopo di ricostruire lo status giuridico, le possibilità di affermazione sociale e le opportunità di introiti economici di questi due specifici profili professionali. In questa sede è oggetto d’analisi una figura a sé stante, quella della iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια, termine attestato da rarissime menzioni epigrafiche in latino e greco, assente nelle banche dati dei testi papiracei e vero e proprio hapax nelle testimonianze letterarie. Dopo aver passato in rassegna le iscrizioni che attestano l’esistenza di questo vocabolo e le ipotesi formulate dai moderni in merito al suo possibile significato, il contributo tenta di tracciare il profilo professionale di questa specialista, individuando, attraverso il confronto con le fonti, analogie e differenze con le altre tipologie di terapeute e avanzando in sede conclusiva una proposta interpretativa in merito alle conoscenze e competenze specifiche della iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια.
Né ἰατρίνη né μαῖα: i saperi “speciali” della iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια
Margherita Cassia
2024-01-01
Abstract
Especially in the last thirty years both the ἰατρίναι/medicae and the μαῖαι/obstetrices have received particular attention from scholars both for a more precise framing of these female “professions” within activities that are not exclusively manual but also intellectual, and in order to reconstruct the legal status, the possibilities of social affirmation and the opportunities of economic income of these two specific professional profiles. The subject of analysis here is a figure in its own right, that of the iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια, a term attested by very rare epigraphic mentions in Latin and Greek, absent from the databases of papyrus texts and a veritable hapax in literary testimonies. After reviewing the inscriptions that certify the existence of this word and the hypotheses formulated by moderns regarding its possible meaning, the paper attempts to trace the professional profile of this specialist, identifying, through a comparison with the sources, similarities and differences with the other types of therapists and making an interpretative proposal in conclusion regarding the specific knowledge and skills of the iatromaea/ἰατρόμαια.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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