In this article, a sub-microwatt power 802.11b backscattering transmitter is presented to enable the reuse of the same incident wave for three purposes: RF harvesting, backscattering communications, and position/motion sensing. The removal of the battery and any off-chip motion sensor (e.g., MEMS) enables an unprecedented level of miniaturization and ubiquity, unrestricted device lifespan, and low fabrication and maintenance cost. The microwatt power wall for Wi-Fi transmitters is broken for the first time via local oscillator elimination, as achieved by extracting its frequency through second-order intermodulation of a two-tone incident wave. The two-tone scheme also enables a cumulative harvesting/transmission/sensing sensitivity down to Pmin ∼ -19 dBm. Position/motion sensing is enabled by using the harvested voltage as a proxy for the received signal strength (RSS), allowing to sense the chip location with respect to the tone generator(s) shared across tags in indoor neighborhoods.

Sub-μ W Battery-Less and Oscillator-Less Wi-Fi Backscattering Transmitter Reusing RF Signal for Harvesting, Communications, and Motion Detection

Privitera M.
Primo
;
Ballo A.;Grasso A. D.;Alioto M.
2024-01-01

Abstract

In this article, a sub-microwatt power 802.11b backscattering transmitter is presented to enable the reuse of the same incident wave for three purposes: RF harvesting, backscattering communications, and position/motion sensing. The removal of the battery and any off-chip motion sensor (e.g., MEMS) enables an unprecedented level of miniaturization and ubiquity, unrestricted device lifespan, and low fabrication and maintenance cost. The microwatt power wall for Wi-Fi transmitters is broken for the first time via local oscillator elimination, as achieved by extracting its frequency through second-order intermodulation of a two-tone incident wave. The two-tone scheme also enables a cumulative harvesting/transmission/sensing sensitivity down to Pmin ∼ -19 dBm. Position/motion sensing is enabled by using the harvested voltage as a proxy for the received signal strength (RSS), allowing to sense the chip location with respect to the tone generator(s) shared across tags in indoor neighborhoods.
2024
Backscattering
battery-less
green systems
motion detection
positioning system
radio frequency
Wi-Fi
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11769/644650
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