THE ROLE OF SOCIAL COHESION IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND CHILDHOOD PSYCHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT:A COMPREHENSIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

This literature review examines the integral role of social cohesion in fostering both economic developmentand childhood psychological well-being. Social cohesion, defined as the strength of relationships and the senseof solidarity among members of a community, positively impacts economic performance by enhancing coopera-tion, reducing conflict, and increasing collective action. Societies with high levels of social trust and networkstend to exhibit stronger economic growth due to better-functioning institutions and higher levels of innovation.Studies suggest that cohesive communities are more resilient to economic crises, with stronger labor markets andmore effective responses to social challenges. Moreover, social cohesion is vital for early childhood development.Children in cohesive societies benefit from greater access to quality education, healthcare, and social services,leading to improved cognitive and emotional outcomes. The presence of stable family structures, supportive com-munities, and inclusive policies ensures equitable opportunities for all children, particularly in disadvantagedcommunities. The literature further demonstrates that cohesive societies provide a nurturing environment that mit-igates childhood stress and enhances academic performance, contributing to long-term economicproductivity. Policies aimed at reducing inequality, promoting inclusive governance, and investing in social capitalare essential for sustainable economic growth and the well-being of future generations