Dentin sialophosphoprotein biomarker in the gingival crevicular fluid used for the detection of root resorption during orthodontic treatment: A systematic review

Objectives: Orthodontic tooth movement is the outcome of biological cascades of resorption and apposition brought on by various mechanical stimuli. Root resorption is one of the most common consequences of orthodontic tooth movement. The present systematic review was carried out to determine whether changes in the concentration of the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) biomarker in the gingival crevicular fluid can be used to detect root resorption processes in adult and adolescent orthodontic patients. Material and Methods: Relevant literature was searched for using electronic databases such as PubMed Central, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search was performed until April 2023, and studies were included based on the eligibility criteria and assessed. Methodological errors were addressed, and the was used to grade the quality of the studies. Results: The data extraction and quality analysis of the research served as the foundation for all the included studies. Nine studies met the qualifications for the final review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the RoB 2 test, seven articles had a significant RoB, while two articles had a low risk. Conclusion: The DSPP biomarker could be used to assess root resorption. However, additional research is needed to demonstrate its early diagnostic capability.