Unraveling the Story of the Black Scorpionfish (Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758): Exploring Local Ecological Knowledge and the Exploitative History of a Marine Species

In the Mediterranean Sea, and in marine areas worldwide, for most locations, data on species presence and abundance are generally poor or non-existent. When available, these data are generally reported only at small scale and/or for short temporal series. In this study, the investigation of abundance and size trends, along with some ecological aspects of the data-poor species Scorpaena porcus, commonly known as the Black Scorpionfish, was undertaken using FEK (Fishers’ Ecological Knowledge). The results clearly indicated a sharp reduction in both abundance and size over the last 21 years (2001–2021) of this species in the central Mediterranean Sea. The causes of this decline, and the importance of FEK, as well as Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK), in research and the assessment and management of biological resources are discussed.