Diabete e tireopatie autoimmuni

Diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease are two of the most common combinations seen in clinical practice. They have long been reported and the two conditions influence each other. Thyroid hormones are key players in carbohydrate metabolism and pancreatic function. Both hypo-and hyperthyroidism can worsen glucose homeostasis. Thyroid dysfunction may also raise the cardiovascular risk of diabetic patients and facilitate the progression of microvascular complications. Drugs used to treat diabetes and thyroid dysfunction can influence both diseases. This review looks at the mechanisms involved in the relationship between these pathologies, the clinical implications, the effect of thyroid hormones on glucose metabolism, the metabolic and hormonal interference between drugs used for treatment, and management in particular conditions, in order to ensure good clinical practice.