Designing a monolithic photo-Fenton catalyst using a fungal hydroxypyrone metabolic derivative

In response to the growing demand for eco-friendly materials, derived from natural compounds for environmental applications, we developed an innovative catalyst based on kojic acid, a bio-derived metabolite produced by Aspergillus species. This work involved functionalizing the hydroxypyrone scaffold with an acrylic group, yielding a porous organic polymer (C-HPO) to remove hazardous metal. The resulting C-HPO exhibited exceptional chelating capacity for heavy metal ions, including mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe), highlighting its potential for environmental remediation and resource recovery. Furthermore, by complexing C-HPO with iron ions, we created a photo-Fenton-like system (C-HPO/Fe), enabling its use in advanced oxidation processes. UV–Vis absorption analyses revealed that the C-HPO/Fe system efficiently degrades various emerging contaminants, including lomefloxacin (LOM), doxycycline (DOX), desethyl atrazine (DEA), and methylene blue (MB). Remarkably, as little as 1 g/L of the C-HPO/Fe catalyst achieved complete degradation of these pollutants, highlighting its high catalytic efficiency and promise for sustainable contaminant treatment.