Human Translation and AI: Reimagining EAP/EFL Pedagogy in the Language of Emotions. The Cases of The Diary of Anais Nin and Gratitude by Oliver Sacks.

This study investigates the role of AI-powered literary translation in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education by comparing human and AI translations of emotionally rich literary texts. It examines how AI affects translation quality, emotional expression, and learners' linguistic, cultural, and critical competencies. Methods The study involved 106 students who translated excerpts from literary diaries into Italian and compared their work with translations generated by ChatGPT, DeepL, and Google Translate. Translation quality was assessed using TF-IDF and cosine similarity analyses, emotional detection models, and a questionnaire exploring students' experiences with AI-assisted translation. Results Human translations demonstrated greater variability, creativity, and emotional sensitivity than AI-generated translations, particularly when translating metaphorical and emotionally complex passages. AI translations were generally more consistent and linguistically accurate but tended to standardize expression and reduce emotional intensity. Conclusions The findings indicate that AI is a valuable support tool for language learning and translation but cannot replace the creativity, contextual understanding, and emotional awareness of human translators. Integrating AI into EAP/EFL classrooms can enhance learning outcomes when combined with critical thinking and human expertise.